Grundrechte-en – Recht und IT

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Fundamental rights

Fundamental rights are fundamental legal positions of the individual.

Fundamental rights protect You as a carrier from state intervention, allow them to develop in society, enable economic as well as political activities and secure the existence of democratic institutions.

On this page you will learn about different types of these rights from various fundamental rights catalogues. Get inspired and discover your rights!

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

The European Convention on Human Rights

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Human dignity

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Article 1

Human dignity is inviolable. It must be respected and protected.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to life

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Article 2

(1) Everyone has the right to life.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to life

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Article 2

(2) No one shall be condemned to the death penalty, or executed.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to the integrity of the person

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Article 3

(1) Everyone has the right to respect for his or her physical and mental integrity.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to the integrity of the person

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Article 3

(2) In the fields of medicine and biology, the following must be respected in particular:

a) the free and informed consent of the person concerned, according to the procedures laid down by law,

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to the integrity of the person

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Article 3

(2) In the fields of medicine and biology, the following must be respected in particular:

b) the prohibition of eugenic practices, in particular those aiming at the selection of persons,

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to the integrity of the person

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Article 3

(2) In the fields of medicine and biology, the following must be respected in particular:

c) the prohibition on making the human body and its parts as such a source of financial gain,

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to the integrity of the person

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Article 3

(2) In the fields of medicine and biology, the following must be respected in particular:

d) the prohibition of the reproductive cloning of human beings.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

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Article 4

No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Prohibition of slavery and forced labour

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Article 5

(1) No one shall be held in slavery or servitude.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Prohibition of slavery and forced labour

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Article 5

(2) No one shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Prohibition of slavery and forced labour

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Article 5

(3) Trafficking in human beings is prohibited.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to liberty and security

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Article 6

Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Respect for private and family life

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Article 7

Everyone has the right to respect for his or her private and family life, home and communications.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Protection of personal data

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Article 8

(1) Everyone has the right to the protection of personal data concerning him or her.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Protection of personal data

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Article 8

(2) Such data must be processed fairly for specified purposes and on the basis of the consent of the person concerned or some other legitimate basis laid down by law. Everyone has the right of access to data which has been collected concerning him or her, and the right to have it rectified.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Protection of personal data

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Article 8

(3) Compliance with these rules shall be subject to control by an independent authority.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to marry and right to found a family

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Article 9

The right to marry and the right to found a family shall be guaranteed in accordance with the national laws governing the exercise of these rights.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

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Article 10

(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right includes freedom to change religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or in private, to manifest religion or belief, in worship, teaching, practice and observance.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

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Article 10

(2) The right to conscientious objection is recognised, in accordance with the national laws governing the exercise of this right.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom of expression and information

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Article 11

(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of expression. This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom of expression and information

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Article 11

(2) The freedom and pluralism of the media shall be respected.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom of assembly and of association

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Article 12

(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and to freedom of association at all levels, in particular in political, trade union and civic matters, which implies the right of everyone to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his or her interests.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom of assembly and of association

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Article 12

(2) Political parties at Union level contribute to expressing the political will of the citizens of the Union.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom of the arts and sciences

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Article 13

The arts and scientific research shall be free of constraint. Academic freedom shall be respected.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to education

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Article 14

(1) Everyone has the right to education and to have access to vocational and continuing training.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to education

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Article 14

(2) This right includes the possibility to receive free compulsory education.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to education

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Article 14

(3) The freedom to found educational establishments with due respect for democratic principles and the right of parents to ensure the education and teaching of their children in conformity with their religious, philosophical and pedagogical convictions shall be respected, in accordance with the national laws governing the exercise of such freedom and right.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work

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Article 15

(1) Everyone has the right to engage in work and to pursue a freely chosen or accepted occupation.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work

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Article 15

(2) Every citizen of the Union has the freedom to seek employment, to work, to exercise the right of establishment and to provide services in any Member State.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom to choose an occupation and right to engage in work

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Article 15

(3) Nationals of third countries who are authorised to work in the territories of the Member States are entitled to working conditions equivalent to those of citizens of the Union.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Freedom to conduct a business

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Article 16

The freedom to conduct a business in accordance with Union law and national laws and practices is recognised.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to property

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Article 17

(1) Everyone has the right to own, use, dispose of and bequeath his or her lawfully acquired possessions. No one may be deprived of his or her possessions, except in the public interest and in the cases and under the conditions provided for by law, subject to fair compensation being paid in good time for their loss. The use of property may be regulated by law in so far as is necessary for the general interest.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to property

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Article 17

(2) Intellectual property shall be protected.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Right to asylum

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Article 18

The right to asylum shall be guaranteed with due respect for the rules of the Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951 and the Protocol of 31 January 1967 relating to the status of refugees and in accordance with the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter referred to as 'the Treaties').

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Protection in the event of removal, expulsion or extradition

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Article 19

(1) Collective expulsions are prohibited.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Protection in the event of removal, expulsion or extradition

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Article 19

(2) No one may be removed, expelled or extradited to a State where there is a serious risk that he or she would be subjected to the death penalty, torture or other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Equality before the law

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Article 20

Everyone is equal before the law.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Non-discrimination

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Article 21

(1) Any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Non-discrimination

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Article 21

(2) Within the scope of application of the Treaties and without prejudice to any of their specific provisions, any discrimination on grounds of nationality shall be prohibited.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU

Cultural, religious and linguistic diversity

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Article 22

The Union shall respect cultural, religious and linguistic diversity.